So why is Sourdough bread healthier than ordinary bread?
One of the most commonly asked questions I get asked is why can I digest Sourdough bread, but not ordinary commercial bread? There are many reasons, and the answer for each person is different.
However research, often linked with IBS, indicates that the principal storage of phosphorus in seeds is found in the bran part of wheat and is called phytic acid can be a cause for digestive discomfort and bloating. In humans, and animals with one stomach, this phytic acid inhibits enzymes which are needed for the breakdown of proteins and starch in the stomach. It is this lack of enzymes which results in digestive difficulties. Ironically, commercially produced whole grain bread, generally perceived as “healthy,” is often the worst thing a person with a wheat intolerance should eat.
Luckily we have an ally, sourdough. The wild yeast and lactobacillus in the leaven neutralise the phytic acid as the bread proves through the acidification of the dough. This prevents the effects of the phytic acid and makes the bread easier for us to digest. These phytic acid molecules bind with other minerals, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc, which make these important nutrients unavailable to us. Long slow fermentation of wheat can reduce phytates by up to 90%. There is an interesting study that compares the effects of different leavens (yeast, sourdough, and a mixture of both) on phytic acid degradation which assessed the repercussions of phytic acid breakdown on phosphorus and magnesium solubility during bread-making, that showed Sourdough fermentation was much more efficient than yeast fermentation in reducing the phytate content in whole wheat bread (-62 and -38%, respectively). The lactic acid bacteria present in sourdough enhanced acidification, which lead to increased magnesium and phosphorus solubility.
Simply put the phytase enzymes released by the yeasts as the dough acidifies effectively pre-digests the flour, which releases the micronutrients and in turn reduces bloating and digestive discomfort.
Sourdough bread also takes longer to digest; studies have shown that rye flour added to sourdough can help regulate blood sugar levels which helps ward off diabetes.
What are the ingredients in Sourdough?
Just flour, water and salt – all the other unnatural ingredients that commercially produced bread include are eliminated. Cheap, industrially manufactured, Chorleywood processed bread relies on enzymes, preservatives, emulsifiers and improvers to bake bread at speed. These additives are also to blame for some people’s wheat intolerance.
Is sourdough expensive to make?
No. Using ordinary strong flour means you can make an 800g loaf for as little as 28p, although I encourage my students to use organic locally milled stoneground flour if they are able to
Is sourdough easy to make?
Yes. It takes about 15 minutes spread over the course of 24 hours. Ironically sourdough has a reputation of being difficult, but it is just a matter of understanding how the dough behaves and what factors affect it.
To find out more about Digestible Sourdough there is a limited Edition course.
References
Lopez HW, Krespine V, Guy C, Messager A, Demigne C, Remesy C. Prolonged fermentation of whole wheat sourdough reduces phytate level and increases soluble
magnesium. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 May;49(5):2657-62. PubMed PMID: 11368651.
I’m curious… Have you ever run across a minimum % of sour dough inoculation into a dough as it relates to the sour doughs ability to break down the phytic acid? I’m working on a sour dough recipe … Trying to find that perfect spot where my bread is light, but chewy, but at the same time maintain the health benefits of the sourdough process. My current formulas have starter %s that range between 30-50% of starter into the final dough, but I’ve also seen some conversation about being able to bring the starter % down to 5-20%. I just made a loaf with 10% starter ( plus .53% of dry yeast) and fermented for 20 hours. It rose as well as the “control” loaf with 40% starter plus .53% dry yeast). They both look beautiful, but have yet to see crumb or taste the two.
Any insight you might have into %’s of starter necessary to maintain health benefits would be greatly appreciated .
Ps I typically do not add active yeast to my bread, but because I am testing longer fermentation periods ( up to 48hrs), I thought it might make sense .
It is not necessary to measure the amount of starter, but the acidity of the dough that ferments over time. I’ve spoken to several very eminent scientists to ind the answer to this question, and read several studies and the indications are that the higher the acidification the more phytic acid is broken down. I’d personally suggest 36 hours, from start to finish would achieve a good result, but 48 is better. You could also add a tablespoon or to of your unrefreshed starter into the dough to increase acidification levels.
I’ve been making sourdough for two years now, first with rye, then with wheat and now I’m back to rye. I did notice that I could buy sourdough that wasn’t sour at all and whilst my culture changes depending on the flour I’m using the bread is always distinctly sourdough. Bakeries are selling sourdough that isn’t strictly naturally fermented flour. This is because it isn’t easy, whilst putting encouragement to one side saying that creating a sourdough loaf is easy actually detracts from the black art that it is to make the sort of bread used in photographs encouraging people to make sourdough. It’s easy once you’ve gained some experience. Even following a recipe is fraught with failure so be prepared and be patient
Richard, I make this bread since 2 years. It is now very popular. I use my natural sourdough naturally fermented rye flour. My sourdough now is 4 years old, of course regularly refreshed. Because if it is older then the natural bacteria’s stronger. The bread is very tasty .
I am in Mumbai, India and fully endorse your view on sourdough benefits. I have been baking sourdough bread at home for sometime and it really is no sweat despite the “heat”!
The critical thing for me is the pre-ferment, which is made with 100% hydration overnight. Then in the morning once a blob of ferment floats in water I know I am on my way.
I shape loaf and leave in fridge , well covered, for baking when I am back from work in the evening.
I used the starter from bakerybits.co.uk ( gold rush). Mind you I am a consultant for forex matters in India, but a bread enthusiast! Bake your own bread!!
Does the fermentation process affect the gluten in flour, in any way??
Absolutely. The longer it is fermented the more it breaks down. More in my book, which will be out in September 2017.
Dear Vanessa, I would love to eat bread again but I understand that flour turns to sugar in the blood stream. I am trying to avoid sugar. Does that occur with sourdough?
Hi Rober.. you can email are and I will reply to you directly. There are many ways you can slow down blood sugar response using sourdough … and wholemeal bread.
Great article (read whilst enjoying sourdough olive bread from local bakery).
At first I was bemused and amused in equal measure by the Chorleywood reference. It’s one of my late father’s stomping grounds and I didn’t understand the connection with bread at all – I thought maybe it was an autocorrect that had not been picked up! A quick Google revealed all…
Wonderful article! I love sourdough bread and it’s the only bread I ever eat, for health reasons. I bake one loaf every weekend and my family loves it, too! My 8-year-old son likes it plain, with no butter. It’s usually gone within 3 days, which is fine because the crust starts to get really hard after a few days anyway. My health was really bad for a long time. In my 30’s I felt like I was 90 years old. My joints were stiff and achy, I was tired all the time, and I couldn’t think clearly. I felt like I was living in a fog. After I gave up wheat completely, I felt so much better! Once it was out of my system, though, if I ate even a tiny bit, I would get headache, nausea, and exhaustion for several hours. I found that if I baked at home with organic flour, I wouldn’t get sick. I’ve taken it a step further and used un-bleached non-organic flour and I don’t get sick. Bottom line – bleached flour is BAD! Read this article to see why: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2009/03/26/The-Little-Known-Secrets-about-Bleached-Flour.aspx
We need to eat like our ancestors and avoid processed foods altogether.
“studies have shown that rye flour added to sourdough can help regulate blood sugar levels which helps ward off diabetes.”
Can you reference this affirmation?
This is a very important information and I wanna to learn more about it.
Thank’s
Brent yes we are currently working on a full list of all references .. stay tuned .. in the mean time I can email the full study to you. please send me your email and I will get it over to you
Vanessa
I have just begun my sourdough journey. I still have many questions like many of you. I guess my more common one is what to do if the dough falls before getting baked. It’s had a nice rise but I waited too long.
All this talk about long rise times. No one has specifics about how cool to keep the dough so you don’t get a premature rise and then fall before baking. I’m beginning to think this is the big secret/challenge.
Hi Tom,
It really depends on the flour, how sour you want the bread to be or the ambient temperature on the day you bake, how long you intend to ferment for and the quantity of the leaven you use.
It is one of the things we try and teach people to understand on the courses here, but it takes a bit of explanation.
Vanessa
I’m just learning & observing about eating healthier,especially as I’m a Bread lover…Unfortunately IBS has found me, therefore diet changes are required!
All the abovementioned very informative regarding the bread preparation, I especially like Rye bread?
Lovely! Do take a look a the latest article on FODMAPS and IBS http://www.sourdough.co.uk/sourdough-fodmaps-2-2/
I’m just learning & observing about eating healthier,especially as I’m a Bread lover…Unfortunately IBS has found me, therefore diet changes are required!
All the abovementioned very informative regarding the bread preparation, I especially like Rye bread?
Take a look at the latest FODMAP article.
Rye needs a longer slower prove for IBS sufferers.
I’m obsessed too (http://www.carobcherub.com/why-love-sourdough/)! I now make everything sourdough whenever possible. And if not, I like to use my starter to soak/ferment other products, like cookies.
And I don’t even use salt– just water and flour. Salt is supposed to control fermentation processes, but it’s not necessary. I don’t like the added sodium.
Hi Sara! Would u mind telling me ur recipe? Can i do it in a bread machine aswell?
To say that the salt is unnecessary beg the question what kind of salt do you use? Salt is very necessary, it is also healthy. Your body need salt., and you loose a lot in sweating, urine and so on.
Without salt your bread will be flat, heavy, lacking taste. Let’s come to the point, you need to use real sea salt or Himalayan salt.
None of that white dust which is deprived of any and all mineral, which you correctly so, call sodium.
The response could be the way the cereals are grow, over with the low yield of past century, farming is done the industrial way, so here come the “John Deer and the Monsanto” Hybridization for hight return, improved crop, improved crop for whom? The minerals count goes zero, the starch goes through the roof, has if this was not enough come GMO crops and you wonder why you develop allergies, and are unable to digest the “Frankenstein food” ask the bees , they have been dying to tell you.