The Sourdough School

Centre of Research & Education in Nutrition & Digestibility of Bread & the Gut Microbiome

The bread that you eat every day has a powerful, influence on both your phyical and mental health. We teach a groundbreaking, evidence-based approach to bread to nourish your gut microbiome and support health. Our courses are open to wide range of people, including bakers and healthcare professionals to learn how to bake and eat beautiful bread as lifestyle medicine. "Vanessa’s work on sourdough and the gut microbiome is changing the way we think of food, health and baking.” - Tim Spector
Follow on Instagram

+44 (0)1604 881274
bookings@sourdough.co.uk
Follow on Instagram
  • Facebook
  • Instagram
  • Pinterest
  • Twitter
Soil Association
Our sourdough starter and our gardens are certified organic by the Soil Association.
Navigation
  • Courses
    • Request a Prospectus & Enquiries
    • 2023 Combined Online & in Person Baking Retreats
    • Bake For Health Certificate 2022/23
    • Diploma in Nutrition & Digestibility of Bread 2022/23
    • Teaching Bread for Health 2022 – 2024 Programme
    • Club Membership
    • Reviews
    • Information on Attending Our Workshops
    • My Bookings
  • The School
    • The Team
      • Guest Lectures & Contributors
    • Subscribe me to the Newsletter
    • Terms for The Sourdough School Ltd
  • Our Values
    • Our Systems Change Programme
    • A call to action
    • Seeded Solidarity Porridge Recipe
  • Learn
    • To Make Sourdough
    • Recipes
    • Bread & The Gut Microbiome
    • Bread & Nutrition
    • Health
    • Bread & Health
    • Sweet Sourdough Gut Microbiome Trial
    • Gallery
  • Students
    • My School Payments
    • Club Login
  • Shop
    • Books
    • Equipment
    • Ingredients

127 - ‘Structural and Functional Characterization of Pronyl-lysine, a Novel Protein Modification in Bread Crust Melanoidins Showing in Vitro Antioxidative and Phase I/II Enzyme Modulating Activity’. J. Agric. Food Chem.. 50, 6997?7006

Reference Number: 127

Year: 2002

Authors: MICHAEL LINDENMEIER, VERONIKA FAIST, AND THOMAS HOFMANN

Link: Link to original paper

Nutrition: Amino Acids | Antioxidants

Summary

Summary

Application of an in vitro antioxidant assay to solvent fractions isolated from bread crust, bread crumb and flour, respectively, revealed the highest antioxidative potential for the dark brown, ethanol solubles of the crust, whereas corresponding crumb and flour fractions showed only minor activities. To investigate whether these browning products may also act as antioxidants in biological systems, their modulating activity on detoxification enzymes was investigated as a functional parameter in intestinal Caco-2 cells. The bread crust and, in particular, the intensely brown, ethanolic crust fraction induced a significantly elevated glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and a decreased phase I NADPH- cytochrome c reductase (CCR) activity compared to crumb-exposed cells. Antioxidant screening of Maillard-type model mixtures, followed by structure determination, revealed the pyrrolinone reductones 1 and 2 as the key antioxidants formed from the hexose-derived acetylformoin and NR-acetyl-L-lysine methyl ester or glycine methyl ester, chosen as model substances to mimic nonenzymatic browning reactions with the lysine side chain or the N terminus of proteins, respectively. Quantification of protein- bound pyrrolinone reductonyl-lysine, abbreviated pronyl-lysine, revealed high amounts in the bread crust (62.2 mg/kg), low amounts in the crumb (8.0 mg/kg), and the absence of this compound in untreated flour. Exposing Caco-2 cells for 48 h to either synthetically pronylated albumin or purified pronyl-glycine significantly increased phase II GST activity by 12 or 34%, respectively, thus demonstrating for the first time that “pronylated” proteins as part of bread crust melanoidins act as monofunctional inducers of GST, serving as a functional parameter of an antioxidant, chemopreventive activity in vitro.

 

SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDY 

The development of the brown color that occurs during baking, roasting or frying occurs due a mechanism called Maillard reaction which is a chemical reaction that occurs between amino acids and carbohydrates resulting in compounds called melanoid which imparts the brown colour. The brown crust we see on sourdough loaves is a perfect example of maillard reaction. The brown crust is often associated in consumers’ minds with a delicious and desirable loaf and although the sensory aspects are well established, not many papers have looked into the physiological implications of this phenomenon. The current paper is one such study which explores the antioxidant potential of sourdough bread crust and the respective compounds that are released during the Maillard reaction. The current study was the first to identify a novel anti-oxidant that is concentrated in the crust called pronyl-lysine which was found 8 times more in the crust than in the crumb. Pronyl-lysine is formed by the reaction of the protein-bound amino acid L-lysine and starch as well as reducing sugars in the presence of heat. The current paper  showed pronyl-lysine had the ability to increase the levels of specific enzymes called glutathione S-transferase, which have been shown in previous studies to play a role in cancer prevention. The current analysis was performed on human intestinal cell lines that were grown under strict laboratory conditions and the current findings are yet to be tested on humans or animals. The study also found that the antioxidant is likely to be more abundant when bread is broken down into smaller pieces and baked, as with stuffing, because the smaller pieces contain more surface area on which these reactions can occur in comparison to larger bread products

 

See our online learning course on The Sourdough Club

All reasonable care is taken when writing about health aspects of bread, but the information it contains is not intended to take the place of treatment by a qualified medical practitioner. You must seek professional advice if you are in any doubt about any medical condition. Any application of the ideas and information contained on this website is at the reader's sole discretion and risk.

THE GENDER GAP IN HEART DIAGNOSIS
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
According to a report by the British Heart Foundation, more than 8,200 women died needlessly over a ten year period due to inequalities in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Concerningly, women fare worse at every stage in their health journey for heart disease globally. 
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
DID YOU KNOW?
-	Women get half as much heart attack treatment as men 
-	Women are 50% more likely to receive a wrong initial diagnosis than their male counterpart, increasing the risk of death by as much as 70%
-	Women are less likey than men to recieve standard treatments such as bypass surgery
We can and must do better, starting by tackling the false- and deadly- assumption that women are not at risk of heart attacks. In reality, women are twice as likely to die from coronary heart disease than breast cancer.
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
🌾Whole Grain Consumption And Heart Disease Protection
There is a robust body of evidence that suggests whole grains can protect against coronary heart disease, alongside obesity and colorectal cancer.
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
❤️ According to a senior dietician at the British Heart Foundation: "Eating more whole grains is a simple change we can make to improve our diet and help lower our risk of heart and circulatory disease." Opting for wholemeal or granary in favour of refined white bread is a simple, effective way to increase your whole grain and fibre intake. #hearthealth #healthyheart #wholegrain #feedthecells #lifestylemedice #bake2give1 #wholegrainbread #internationalwomensday
A NEW APPROACH

👉🏻 For the past 3 years we’ve been working on something incredible … prescription sourdough bread making courses for our @sourdoughclub members 

📈We have had amazing advances in healthcare, but there is no pill to cure poor diet. The best medicine is prevention via a healthy lifestyle, and many studies have shown that people who eat healthily and exercise regularly sleep better, have less anxiety and depression, have more energy, and lower their risk of chronic illness overall.

🙌 Vanessa’s work on Bread & the Impact on the Gut Microbiome has been turned into something extraordinary. Prescription bread-making courses as a lifestyle intervention, and the Bread Protocol we teach here is designed to address the way you live, exploring behaviour related to nutrition, physical activity, stress management, sleep, social support and environmental exposures. These courses are 12 weeks long, and designed to maintain health and prevent disease not just in individuals bit in patients and populations, so we have 2 ways to enrol on a course: 

1️⃣ SOCIAL PRESCRIPTION 
If your doctor or healthcare practitioner is one of  our Sourdough School graduates and they feel that this bread-making prescription course is something that will improve your health, then they may can prescribe the course for you as a social prescription free.

2️⃣ SELF PRESCRIPTION 
You can self-prescribe these courses by enrolling yourself on a course to improve your health and wellbeing.

📰 If you are interested in learning more about the prescription courses then please sign up to the newsletters as we will be announcing their launch over the coming weeks and months. 

@vanessakimbell
@drmiguelmateas 
@dralexdavidson 
@dksherratt 

#lifestylemedicine #preventativemedicine #systemschange #socialprescribingday #socialprescribing
IN 2016 WE TESTED BLOOD SUGAR RESPONSE TO OUR PUMP IN 2016 WE TESTED BLOOD SUGAR RESPONSE TO OUR PUMPKIN SOURDOUGH IN THE  CLASSES

Our students measured their responses throughout the #breadandguts #sourdoughschool & @vanessakimbell wrote the recipe up in her bestselling Sourdough School book.

✨ So good to read that a recent 2021 study on Glycaemic and Appetite Suppression Effect of a Vegetable-Enriched Bread ( mentioned by @theguthealthdoctor today see last slide ) where researchers looked at the impacts of veg-enriched bread compared to  commercial white bread and commercial brown bread on the insulin levels of people participating. 

The results showed that when the participants ate the veg bread they reported feeling more satiation versus when they ate the white or brown bread. 

👆🏼They also experienced a lower insulin response with the vegetable bread. 
essentially translating this science into practice before it was trendy 😂👆🏼👍

This image is taken from the @sourdoughschool book by @vanessakimbell, produced by @kylebooksuk, with photography by @nassimarothacker, styled by @season_adam & with foreword by @richardhartbaker
DID YOU KNOW WE HAVE AN ONLINE SHOP & CAN PURCHASE DID YOU KNOW WE HAVE AN ONLINE SHOP & CAN PURCHASE MY WHITE SOURDOUGH STARTER?
(with worldwide delivery)
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
I have several sourdough starters but The French white starter is one that I have been using since I was 11 years old and originates in the bakery I grew up baking within France. It takes a bit longer to reach it’s peak and is generally slower and sweeter, and much more forgiving of being neglected for a week, so the one I recommend for beginners. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
We have verbal confirmation that the starter originated over 115 years ago and If you swipe right in the video you can listen to me chatting to one of the older residents of the village confirming that bakery did not shut during the war either .. & it has been maintained ever since... it’s a lovely story. Although the microbes double every 20 – 30 minutes when they are refreshed ... so it is either over a century old or 30 minutes old depending on how you want to look at it. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
You can purchase a pot of my starter, along with a grey moon kilner jar & a mini video course on looking after your starter. 
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
TAP THE PICTURE TO SHOP.
 
Swipe right to see the amazing video of the French bakery where the starter originated from @vanessakimbell has been baking with this starter for over 20 years … and first baked almost 40 years ago with it …#romantic 
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
#breadbosses #breadporn #flourwatersalt #breadtalk #bread #breadstagram #sourdough #sourdoughschool #bread #sourdoughlove #sourdoughlover #naturalleavened #leavening #levain #realbread #breadmaking #bakebread #makebread #makerealbread #learntobakebread #breadmakingclass #sourdoughstories #bakingforlove #bakingtherapy #sourdoughbaking #bannetons #bakery
UNDERSTANDING SOURDOUGH … starts, not in the bak UNDERSTANDING SOURDOUGH …
starts, not in the bakery, but in the soil.
#sourdough
Follow on Instagram
  • Facebook
  • Instagram
  • Pinterest
  • Twitter

Email Sign Up:

Terms & Conditions | Competition Terms & Conditions | Privacy Policy
Copyright © 2022 Vanessa Kimbell | Login
Call +44 (0)1604 881274 - Email bookings@sourdough.co.uk
Registered in England and Wales: 08412236
Website by Callia Web